Introduction
Theoretically, our research is founded on the works of Profs. Carolus Linnaeus and N.I.Vavilov.
Nikolai I. Vavilov is recognized as the foremost plant geographer, botanist and geneticist of this age. In the early 20th century, the world was yet unaware of the urgent necessity to protect the environments, and scientists thought little about gradual extinction of plant species. In fact, N.I. Vavilov was the first who understood the imperative of intensive plant collecting, studying and preservation, in spite of the hardest times he experienced in his life.
We have used the special methodology of the Vavilov Institute developed with regard to lupin (Kurlovich et al., 1990b).
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Many years of observing plants sown in various regions have enabled us to find out new regularities in the variability of characters depending on genetic features of the species and accessions, and also on ecological and agronomic conditions of their growth.
We have also disclosed new characters and their combinations, both taxonomically significant and genetically determined. This factor as well as generalization of the data obtained by other researchers (Zhukovsky, 1929; Kazimierski and Novacki, 1961; Gladstones, 1974; Maissurjan and Atabiekova, 1974; Kazimierski and Kazimierska, 1975) made it possible to introduce essential corrections in the intra-specific taxonomic and eco-geographic classifications of lupins.
Each form of lupin can be assessed as an object fitting in with a number of consecutive taxa.
A taxon is a part of plant community consisting of a certain set of individual plants distinguished according to genetic principle by the uniformity of their genesis, and regarded as a formal unit at any level of hierarchic classification.
Different species, subspecies, varieties, subvarieties and forms were classified on the basis of Vavilov’s concepts (the law of homologous series in hereditary variation, studies on the problem of the species as a system, differential systematic and geographical method of crop studies, and others).
Vavilov’s (1931, 1965) concept about the species as a complex multilateral and mobile phenomenon implies application of diverse methods for identification of differences between intraspecific categories.
We recognize subspecies (subsp.) as an isolated group of individual plants within a population of a species. They occupy certain part of the area of a species, constitute together a mobile system, are able to cross among themselves and with plants growing in other parts of the area of this species, produce prolific progeny, possess distinctive morphological and inheritable characters in vegetative and generative organs with the uniform genetic base, and incorporate transient forms. (subsp. graecus, termis and albus within the limits of Lupinus albus L.).
Allelism and character complementarity tests have shown that in lupins the color of seed is correlated with the color of the corolla. This linkage reflects the stability of genetic system, which corresponds to the rank of varieties (var.).
A good diagnostic character is the color of vegetative parts, and the absence or presence of anthocyan, in particular. Being less stable, it could be used in identifying subvarieties (subvar.).
Considerable practical interest for breeders may be generated by the plants with determinate branching, fascicular stem and other characters of breeding value. Such forms are theoretically possible in all the varieties and subvarieties systematized by us. Therefore, it seems justified to regard them in the rank of forma (f.) - formae.
Boguslav S. Kurlovich
Our book about lupins: «Lupins: geography, classification, genetic resources and breeding» it is possible to read on the Internet here, and also here!
The Russian version of the book on - http://lupin-rus.blogspot.com/
Lupins as a potential crop in Finland - http://lupin-fin.blogspot.com/
Links to more Lupin info:
PLANTS Profile - Lupinus L. - lupine - http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LUPIN
Lupin - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinus
Search for: Lupinus L. - http://www.pfaf.org/database/search_name.php?ALLNAMES=Lupinus+L
Lupinus L. - http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=25916
Lupinus albus L. -http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/nexus/Lupinus_albus_nex.html
L. angustifolius - http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?22805
Gasid is one of the first italian companies to care about the distribution of LUPIN, promoting the consumption of this product - http://www.lupinor.com/300/e301.htm
We are waiting to more links on a theme: Lupins !!!
6 comments:
Your approach to lupins classifications is original!
The majority of scientists are finished his classifications at a level of a species, less often at a level of subspecies, and seldom who mentions varieties.
You have gone further, to subvarietas and forms of lupins plants. It is in conformity with Vavilov's ideas about a species as a system.
Such approach represents the big scientific interest and allows investigating potential of a lupin species in details!
Dr. Gadziew
Dear Boguslav,
You have made an achievement, having transferred the book on English language!
Fine mistakes while translating do not belittle its value as a whole.
Development of intraspecific classifications is original. You have described such intraspecific taxa as: variety, sybvariety and form at lupins!
Besides the genus Lupinus L. is subdivided into two subgenera in the genus Lupinus L. according to the geographic principle, however in view of the findings of the previous writers.
I. Subgen. Platycarpos (Wats.) Kurl., comb.nova. - §2. Platycarpos Wats. 1873, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 8:522; B. Platycarpos Aschers. et Graebn. 1907, Mitteleurop. Fl. 6,2:232. - §1. Lupinus Wats. 1873, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 8:522, p.p.; A. Eulupinus Aschers. et Graebn. 1907, Mitteleurop. Fl. 6,2:221 p.p. – New World’s or flat-fruited lupins.
II. Subgen. Lupinus - A. Eulupinus Ascers. et Graebn. 1907, Mitteleurop. Fl. 6,2:221, p.p. - Old World’s lupins.
I congratulate you!
Prof. Ewa Kazimierska
http://www.igr.poznan.pl
Re: New species in Lupinus genus
From "Rafa" rafadiezdom@eresmas.net
17.10.2007 02:03
To: bkurl@mbnet.fi
Dear Sir,
My name is Rafael Díez Domínguez, from Spain.
I am an amateur botanist and member of several botanic societies (IBS, SRGC,
ASI ….)
This is why I am e-mailing you because recently a new species of Lupinus has rediscovered in Valencia, Spain. I enclose you the full article, in Spanish and If you could cultivate in order to foment this species I will be
very glad in send you some seeds I have collected.
All the best,
Rafa.
Dears Rafael Diez Dominguez and Higinio Pascual,
I thank you for very interesting material about new species of lupin - Lupinus mariae-josephiis, described as new from Valencia (Spain).
There is a big biodiversity of different lupins in Spain! You have very interesting and rare accession of lupin!
Thus, I inform you, and also author of article, that new species should be described according to the International Code of the Botanical Nomenclature. The basic requirements of the Botanical Nomenclature code - the diagnosis or description of a species should be in Latin language, and mast be presented also the herbarium with the instruction of a place of his presence, …).
May by it can be only one of the varieties of Lupinus luteus L. ?
I think that the further researches and necessary registration are required!
However, I estimate yours activity and the article very highly.
Unfortunately, I cannot grow available at you seeds in connection with very short summer in Finland. Seed will not ripen!
May I ask you to send seeds or to write preliminary letter to N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR) office@vir.nw.ru or t.ozerskaya@vir.nw.ru, 42-44, B.Morskaya Street, 190000, St. Petersburg, Russia)
This institute prosecutes subjects of plant systematization and collects valuable samples as genetic resources. The institute will record your name as the donor, will appropriate to the sample number of a collection, and will send you gratitude. You can refer to my recommendation in the letter. I worked there for a long time.
May I advise you to visit my blogs:
http://lupindiversity.blogspot.com/2006/08/introduction.html
http://lupindiversity.blogspot.com/2006/08/lupinus-luteus-l-yellow-lupin.html
All the best, I wish you the further successes,
Prof. Boguslav Kurlovich
Greetings Professor Kurlovich,
Sorry to disturb you with a tiny matter, but is Lupinus albus an out-breeder? I have not been able to confirm this on the web or in my notes, but believe I remember this.
Brian Cady
Dear Brian Cady,
Most of Lupinus spp. are cross-pollinated. However, there is a species which is almost exclusively self-pollinated (L. angustifolius). Within the genus Lupinus L. it is possible to observe in different species all transitional pollination types – from cross-pollination to self-pollination.
As to white lupin, it approximately on 80 % is self-pollinated plant in the nature, but about 20 % of plants can be pollinated by cross-pollination! It is possible to keep different accessions in full cleanliness at spatial isolation! But t is not always carried out in practice!
As to your comment about alkaloids of lupins, it is represented to us very interesting, however demands the further studying!
I wish you successes in Lupins research!
BK
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